The
history of information and communication technology (ICT)
The history of ICT originates from humble beginnings, which include the abacus. The abacus is thought to have been originally invented 3000 years before the birth of Christ. Revisions to its use/design continued for many years e.g. 500 BC a bead and wire version is developed in Egypt. Early versions of the calculator were gradually replacing this primitive method of mathematics. In 1624 Wilhelm Schickard built the first four-function calculator-clock at the University of Heidelberg, thus heralding a new era. In 1939 Hewlett Packard was founed. David Packard and Bill Hewlett founed Hewlett – Packard in a Palo Alto, California garage. Their frist Product was the HP 200A Audio Oscillator , which rapidly becomes a popular pice of testb equiptment for engineers. Walt Disney Order eight of the 200B model to use as sound effects generators for the 190 movie Fantasia. In 1943 Project Whirlwind begins during World War 2 the US Navy approached the Massachusetts Insitute of Technology (MIT) about building a flight simulator to train bomber crews. The team first built a large analog computer, but found it inaccurate and inflexible. After designer saw a demonstartion of the ENIAC computer they decided on building a didgital computer. In 1948 IBM SSEC, IBM's Sequence Electronic Calulator computed scientific data in public display near the company's Manhattan's headquarters. Before its decommissioning in 1952 the SSEC produced the moon position tables used for plotting the course of the 1969 Apollo flight to the moon. In 1950nthe first commercial computer was Engineering Research Associates of built the ERA 1101 the first commercially produced computer the company;s first customer was the US. Navy. It held 1 million bits on its magnetic drum tehe earliest magnetic storage devices. In 1962 the first interactive computer game, MIT students wrote Space War!, consider the first interactive computer game first played at MIT on DEC's PDO – 1 the large – scope displayed featured interactive shoot' em- up graphics that inspired future video games. In 1971 the first E – Mail was sent, Ray Tomlinson of the research firm Bolt, Beranek and Newman sent the first e – mail when he was ment bto be working on a different project. When asked to discribe the contents of the first e – mail Tomlinson said it was ''something like Qwertyuiop''. In 1988 First computer virse Robbert Morris' worm flood the ARPANET, 23 year old Morris the son of a computer security expert for National Security Agency sent a non – destrutive worm through the internet causing problems for about 6,000 of the 60,000 hots linkend to the net work. Morris was sentenced to 3 years of probation 400 hours of community service and a fine of $10,050. In 1990 the world web is born the world wide wide web (www) when Tim beners – Lee a researcher at the CERN developed Hypertext mark make up Language. HTML is commonly known allowed the internet to expand in the World Wide Web, URL (Uniform Resource Locator), HTTP ( Hyper Transfer Protocol). In 2004 Mark Zukerberg founed Facebook, facebook is a social networking service and websites launched in February 2004 as of july 2011 more than 800 million people use it and a value of around 41 billion US doller. There are many influential people who's work has improved the face of ICT. Examples are: 1. Steve Jobs (Apple), 2. Tim Beners – Lee (invented the www), 3. Bill Gates ( Chirman of Microsoft), 4. Mark Zuckerberg ( Facebook).
